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Referencing Articles and Additional Resources 

1) Female Might in the North Korean Military

Min, Choi Song. “Mandatory Military Service Extends to Women | Daily NK.” Daily NK , 28 Jan. 2015, https://www.dailynk.com/english/mandatory-military-service-extends/.

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Mohan, Megha. “Rape and No Periods in North Korea’s Army.” BBC News, 21 Nov. 2017, https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-41778470.

North Korea’s Slow Motion Military - North Korea Parade in Slow Motion. The Guardian. https://youtu.be/UMLtkp4AFkc.

 

Synder, Scott. “How Kim Jong-Un Advanced North Korea’s Military in a Decade.” Council on Foreign Relations, 17 Dec. 2021, https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/north-korea-kim-jong-un-nuclear-decade-ten-years.

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The Shocking Life of a North Korean Female Soldier: The Reality of North Korea! The Committee for Human Rights in North Korea. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCsbikKfWLc.

2) What is the "Pleasure Squad "?

"Kim Jong-un Picks New Members for 'Pleasure Squad'." The Chosunilbo, 01 April, 2015. http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2015/04/01/2015040101440.html

 

Lee, Sunny. “‘Pleasure Squad’ Defector Sheds Light on Life of Kim Jong Il.” The National, 28 Jan. 2010, https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/asia/pleasure-squad-defector-sheds-light-on-life-of-kim-jong-il-1.481988.

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North Korea’s Secret “Pleasure Squad” Parties. DIMPLE, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtW93DTMrGM.

 

North Korea’s Pleasure Squad. Directed by Yeonmi Park, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2cbHeBzFlM.

3) Defectors in a Crisis

Blakemore, Erin. “North Korea’s Devastating Famine.” HISTORY, https://www.history.com/news/north-koreas-devastating-famine.

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Choi, Eunyoung. “North Korean Women’s Narratives of Migration: Challenging Hegemonic Discourses of Trafficking and Geopolitics.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol. 104, no. 2, Mar. 2014, pp. 271–79. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2013.862129.

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Davis, Kathleen. “Brides, Bruises and the Border: The Trafficking of North Korean Women into China.” SAIS Review of International Affairs, vol. 26, no. 1, 2006, pp. 131–41. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1353/sais.2006.0004.

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Kim, Eunyoung, et al. “Cross Border North Korean Women Trafficking and Victimization between North Korea and China: An Ethnographic Case Study.” International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, vol. 37, no. 4, Dec. 2009, pp. 154–69. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2009.10.001.

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King , Robert. Difficulties for Defectors in the Era of Rapprochement with North Korea. Center for Strategic and International Studies, 6 Nov. 2018, https://www.csis.org/analysis/difficulties-defectors-era-rapprochement-north-korea.

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Meng, Lei, and Min Qiang Zhao. “Bride Drain: An Unintended Consequence of China’s Urban-Rural Divide.” Labour Economics, vol. 58, June 2019, pp. 69–80. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2019.04.003.

Mohan, Megha. “Rape and No Periods in North Korea’s Army.” BBC News, 21 Nov. 2017, https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-41778470.

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Reuters. “They Escaped from North Korea: Personal Stories and Mementos of Defectors.” ABC News, https://abcnews.go.com/International/escaped-north-korea-personal-stories-mementos-defectors/story?id=54423385.

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Schuman, Michael. “North Koreans Paying Bribes to Survive: U.N. Report.” Reuters, 28 May 2019. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-rights-un-idUSKCN1SY0ES.

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“Sex Ratio at Birth (Male Births per Female Births).” World Bank Gender Data Portal, https://genderdata.worldbank.org/indicators/sp-pop-brth-mf/?geos=WLD_CHN&view=trend.

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Shim, Elizabeth. “North Korea Turns down $11 Million of Food Aid from South.” UPI, 20 Nov. 2020, https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2020/11/30/North-Korea-turns-down-11-million-of-food-aid-from-South/9001606745045/.

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U.S. Calls for Transparency in N. Korean Food Aid Distribution | Daily NK. Daily NK, 4 Mar. 2005, https://www.dailynk.com/english/us-calls-for-transparency-in-n-kor/.

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Yoon, Lina. “China Restarts Forced Returns of Refugees to North Korea.” Human Rights Watch, 22 July 2021, https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/07/22/china-restarts-forced-returns-refugees-north-korea.

4) Women in Propaganda

Elan, Priya. “North Korea Bans Skinny Jeans as Symbol of ‘Capitalistic Lifestyle.’” The Guardian, 26 May 2021. The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2021/may/26/north-korea-bans-skinny-jeans.

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He’s Our Comrade Kim Jong Un - HD [English] | Moranbong Band. Evilfisher2, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VIBFAFnaZ8.

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“Kim Jong Un Appreciates Demonstration Performance of Newly Organized Moranbong Band.” KCNA, 7 July 2012. KCNA Watch , https://kcnawatch.org/newstream/1451900086-886016566/kim-jong-un-appreciates-demonstration-performance-of-newly-organized-moranbong-band/.

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McCurry, Justin. “North Korea’s ‘army of Beauties’ Will Be under Close Scrutiny at Winter Olympics.” The Guardian, 17 Jan. 2018. The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/17/north-korea-cheerleaders-winter-olympics-pyeonchang.

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Meet North Korea’s Winter Olympics Cheerleading Squad. Guardian News, 2018. www.youtube.com, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vw1tgc2cJuY.

 

North Korean Restaurants in China Send $10,000~30,000 Annually Back to Its Native Country. Daily NK. 19 June 2007, https://www.dailynk.com/english/north-korean-restaurants-in-china/.

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Ryall, Julian. “Kim Jong-Un Accuses US of ‘cannibal’ Atrocities.” The Telegraph , 25 Nov. 2014, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/11252413/Kim-Jong-un-accuses-US-of-cannibal-atrocities.html.

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Sang-Hun, Choe. “Tale of North Korean Waitresses Who Fled to South Takes Dark Turn.” The New York Times, 11 May 2018. NYTimes.com, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/11/world/asia/north-korea-waitresses-defections.html.

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Tapy, Patrick. “The Sincheon Massacre: Historical Fact and Historical Revision.” Sino NK, 17 Sept. 2013, https://sinonk.com/2013/09/17/the-sincheon-massacre-historical-fact-and-historical-revision/.

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Taylor, Adam. “The Weird World of North Korea’s Restaurants Abroad.” Washington Post, 4 Apr. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/04/08/the-weird-world-of-north-koreas-overseas-restaurants/.

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The Flower Girl . Directed by Ik-gyu Choe and Hak Pak, Pak Bu San, 1972.

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5) Popular Books on North Korea 

 

In Order to Live

by Yeonmi Park

 

The Girl with Seven Names: Escape from North Korea 

by Hyeon-Seo Lee

 

Nothing to Envy: Ordinary Lives in North Korea

by Barbara Demick

 

Without You, There Is No Us: Undercover Among the Sons of North Korea's Elite

by Suki Kim 

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